Política monetária - "market monetarism"

What's monetary policy and why does it matter?

Monetary policy is how a central bank such the US Federal Reserve controls the amount of money in circulation. While managing the nation's money supply might seem like a dry, esoteric subject, economists believe it has a powerful effect on the health of the economy.
The Federal Reserve chooses between two basic options. It can expand the money supply by creating new dollars and introducing them into circulation. This is known as an "easy," "loose," or "expansionary" policy. The alternative is to pull dollars out of circulation, known as "tight" or "contractionary" policy.
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