Policy Research Working Paper 5897
China and the World Trading System
Aaditya Mattoo
Arvind Subramanian
The World Bank
Development Research Group
Trade and Integration Team
December 2011
WPS5897
Abstract
The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development
issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the
names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those
of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and
its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.
Policy Research Working Paper 5897
ABSTRACT
The World Trade Organization has been until recently an effective framework for cooperation because it has
continually adapted to changing economic realities. The current Doha Agenda is an aberration because it does
not reflect one of the largest shifts in the international economic and trading system: the rise of China.
Although China will have a stake in maintaining trade openness, an initiative that builds on but redefines the
Doha Agenda would anchor China more fully in the multilateral trading system. Such an initiative would
have two pillars. The first is a new negotiating agenda that would include the major issues of interest to China
and its trading partners, and thus unleash the powerful reciprocal liberalization mechanism that has driven
the World Trade Organization process to previous successes. The second is new restraints on bilateralism
and regionalism that would help preserve incentives for maintaining the current broadly non-discriminatory
trading order.
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